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Environment and Urbanization
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From healthy city projects to healthy cities

Edmundo Werna

United Nations Volunteers, Postfach 260 111, D-53153 Bonn, Germany; edmundo.werna{at}unv.org

Trudy Harpham

South Bank University, 202 Wandsworth Road, London SW8 2JZ, UK; t.harpham{at}sbu.ac.ukorbluei@sbu.ac.uk

Ilona Blue

Greg Goldstein

Environmental Health, World Health Organization, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland; goldsteing{at}who.ch

This paper discusses experience to date with the formulation and implementation of Healthy City projects in the South. After describing the origin of the Healthy Cities movement and what constitutes a Healthy City project, it reviews the experience of Healthy City initiatives in Fayoum (Egypt), Quetta (Pakistan) and Campinas (Brazil). It then discusses the roles of three critical stakeholders: international agencies (and how their support should facilitate local action rather than dictate it); local government staff and politicians (and the difficulties in getting their sustained support); and citizens and grassroots organizations. It ends by discussing how the real success of any Healthy City project is when it ceases to be a project, because the system it set up to ensure that health issues are given priority, to involve all stakeholders and to ensure that all sectors recognize that their role in healthy cities becomes part of the structure of local governance.

Environment and Urbanization, Vol. 11, No. 1, 27-40 (1999)
DOI: 10.1177/095624789901100109
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